{"id":15270,"date":"2018-09-13T22:34:48","date_gmt":"2018-09-14T01:34:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/baixacultura.org\/?p=15270"},"modified":"2023-06-14T22:54:21","modified_gmt":"2023-06-15T01:54:21","slug":"internet-hangover-spirit-of-time","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/baixacultura.org\/2018\/09\/13\/internet-hangover-spirit-of-time\/","title":{"rendered":"Internet hangover, spirit of time"},"content":{"rendered":"

Originally published in Portuguese<\/a> in September 2018<\/em><\/p>\n

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I write and follow the discussions, advances and setbacks of the internet and of what is conventionally called digital culture since 2008, when BaixaCultura was born. It has been 10 years and so much has changed in this period that I can point out not only specific issues, but a whole spirit of the time (as the Germans say, zeitgeist<\/i>) that is different today. Which can be summarized in an expression that I have been using for some months now: \u201cInternet hangover\u201d (Ressaca da internet)<\/i>. We have deposited so many possibilities of freedom (independent information from major media groups, freedom to speak what we want, to create new technologies and worlds) that we have neglected, or failed, to pay attention to the rise of monopolies of technology companies, the construction of information bubbles that confirm points of view, and the increasingly real possibility of the Internet becoming cable TV, with the already proclaimed end of net neutrality<\/a>. We have taken a extra-dose of optimism. And now – or rather, since at least 2016 – we are in the hangover phase, hostage to internet monopolies, the commercialization of any data left on the net, fake news arriving from all sides. Pure dystopia.<\/p>\n

The curtailment of the internet by private companies like Google, Facebook, Amazon, and Apple is one of the main elements in building this spirit. What is left of the internet today if not the platforms, software and devices of these companies? For the majority of the Brazilian and world population, not much. About 70% of Brazilians access the web through their cell phones, and not infrequently, they only access services such as Facebook, WhatsApp, and Instagram when connected, all from the same company. There are other options from search engines to Google, for example (DuckDuck is the main one), and from smartphone operating systems to Android and Apple’s IoS, but look aside and see how many people actually use these alternatives? The internet is already today what many of us free internet activists feared it would be: a big walled garden, where increasingly the ones calling the shots on what and how to access it are large private companies based in the US.<\/p>\n

I remember, at the end of 2011, when I wrote a report on the fight for the defense of internet principles<\/a>, such as net neutrality, based on Yochai Benkler’s speech at the opening of the Festival Cultura Digital.br this year. Even at that time, the questioning about the end of net neutrality and the growth of large monopolies was a current issue, although not with as much presence as today. At the time, I started the text with the question: “is it utopian to think of a democratic and free internet, without privileges of access and data traffic for any side, just as it was defined in the principles of the development of the internet?” From there, I told a story that I witnessed in class, in one of the many times I spoke about culture and free licenses for communication students, when a student asked if keeping the Internet free was not a utopia, or naivety. I answered, at the time, no: “The internet was created this way, as a decentralized and autonomous network. And we are not talking about a utopia, but a reality; the Internet today works this way\u201d. Years later, was the student right?<\/p>\n

In 2011, the fight for a free internet was less thankless than it is today, and I myself believed that we would be able, as a civil society, to keep the internet as it was created, or at least guaranteeing some of its basic principles such as neutrality. After almost seven years, I do a mea culpa<\/i>.\u00a0 I didn’t know – or didn’t want to believe, or didn’t want to write or speak publicly that I didn’t believe – that the big internet players would turn the internet into what it is today, a closed space where we are trapped in private algorithmic bubbles of which we know little or nothing about how it works. And only since a year ago, with Trump and Brexit, have we started to see the potentially harmful for politics of this arrangement between people and technical systems like Facebook and Google. Like many, I doubted and did not want to see that capitalism reinvents itself and appropriates everything it sees in front of it, including a network that was born a libertarian part like the Internet.<\/p>\n

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